All Tenses Review
Objectives of today’s lesson:
In this lesson, Learn English with Julia presents to you “All Tenses Review”, in order for you to:
- learn the names of each tense
- become faster at recognising tenses
- know when to use each tense
- recognise which signal words indicates the use of which tense
Video Script:
Hello and welcome to this video today!
“Learn English with Julia”
It is a comprehensive video on tenses. It can be used as an introduction or as a review or both. Let’s start by: What do we call a tense?
If I have a verb, a verbal form, You can say if it is: present, past, future, or conditional.
And I can be more specific if there are more components then I have to add more to its name (simple, continuous, perfect simple, perfect continuous …).
Now, if I have a simple present, I have only one component: “I LEARN”. It can have an inflection (-S): “HE LEARN-S”: there is -S at the end, for the third person singular.
But otherwise it is just the bare infinitive (infinitive without “to”). Therefore, I have only one component, That’s why it’s called “SIMPLE”.
The same applies to the simple past. “I LEARN-ED” So I have the infinitive without “to” and I add -ED (This is regular, of course, we also irregular verbs) como “I BOUGHT”, “I SAW”…
They are also past simple. Well, I said it was “simple” because there is only one component and this is true for the present and the past.
However, for the future and conditional I need a modal verb: “WILL” or “WOULD” to create these tenses.
So, we have two components here. The simple future is: “I WILL LEARN” And the simple conditional would be: “I WOULD LEARN”. So those are the simple tenses.
Let’s take a look at continuous tenses. Continuous means that I have an auxiliary and a present participle form or “-ing” form. So what I have here is: a present auxiliary > a present continuous or present progressive.
This is a past continuous or past progressive. I am skipping this one deliberately.
This is a future continuous (I will be learning).
And a continuous conditional would be: I would be learning. This is the conditional continuous.
So I hope I am to going too fast.
Let’s now look at the perfect tenses. Perfect means that it contains an auxiliary verb and a past participle / or the third column of your irregular verbs, the past participles.
Let’s look at some perfect tenses some simple perfect tenses. So we are looking for red:
This is the present of the auxiliary, so it is going to be called: Present Perfect
I’m skipping this one deliberately.
This is a past auxiliary plus a past participle. So: past perfect.
Now let’s look for the future perfect: This is a simple future plus a past participle. A future perfect: I will have learned.
A conditional perfect conditional: I would have learned. “WOULD HAVE” (simple) + “LEARNED” (past participle). “CONDITIONAL PERFECT” = “WOULD HAVE LEARNED”
Now, my perfect tenses can be either be simple as we have seen in “I HAVE LEARNED”
“I HAD LEARNED”
“I WILL HAVE LEARNED”
“I WOULD HAVE LEARNED”
or it may be continuous. That means that I’m going to have an auxiliary, a past participle and a present participle, an “-ING” form.
So what do we have here? Present perfect continuous. The present perfect continuous is here. Present of my auxiliary: “have”, perfect means that there is a past participle and continuous means that there is “-ing” form: I have been learning. Present perfect continuous.
Past perfect continuous: “HAD” (past) + “BEEN” (perfect) + “LEARNING” (continuous)
Let’s look for a future perfect continuous. “I WILL HAVE” (future), “Been” (past participle: perfect), “LEARNING” (continuous with the -ing form): I will have been learning.
Future perfect continuous
And the conditional perfect continuous: I would have been learning
Conditional perfect continuous: I would have been learning
Those are all the tense that we need to know.
So play with the terminology. See how easy it is to use.
Remember what a bear infinitive is. It is an infinitive without “TO”. For example, “LEARN” is a bare infinitive
Present participle = “-ing” form
Past participle = third column of your irregular verbs
Auxiliary verb = this supports compound tenses.
Grammar Quiz:
Keywords listed in English:
- simple tense
- perfect (simple) tense
- continuous tense
- perfect continuous tense or perfect progressive tense
- infinitive with ‘to’
- bare infinitive (infinitive without ‘to’)
